Studio unit · 8 weeks

Ancient Civilizations & the Birth of Art

Art runs this unit. History and literature feed the studio. Writing is wall labels, captions, and one artist statement at the end. Odyssey excerpts at dinner, one at a time. Eight weeks, plus two grace weeks if you slide.

This week: Week 1 · your cylinder seal 6 finished pieces
this week · your seal

Week 1 · Sept 1–7, 2026 · dates flex

Personal cylinder seal

Design your own symbol system in clay or Sculpey. Research cuneiform, who had seals, and Hammurabi’s preamble. Finish the seal plus a 50-word wall label.

Read the preamble aloud once before you start carving. Then jump to the full Week 1 card.

Studio rule

How to use this unit

Art is the organizing principle. Read for the idea that gets you to the table.

Odyssey excerpts at dinner. One at a time.

Eight studio weeks. Two grace weeks if the calendar slides.

Bauer: weeks 1 and 2 are pinned. After that, Strickland plus the week’s source is enough until the rest get named.

On the shelf

Books you need

Due at the end

Unit deliverables

Shop

Stores: Blick, Michaels, Amazon, or any craft store. Costs are ranges.

Core toolkit

Buy once · ~$70–105

Drawing pencils
Set: HB, 2B, 4B, 6B · Amazon / Blick
$12–18
White charcoal pencil
1–2 pack · Amazon / Blick
$4–6
Kneaded eraser
2-pack · any craft store
$3–5
White plastic eraser
1–2 pack · any craft store
$2–3
9×12 drawing pad
60–100 sheets · Michaels / Blick
$10–15
18×24 drawing pad
For figure studies (bigger paper changes everything) · Blick / Amazon
$12–18
Sketchbook
8.5×11 bound, mixed-media weight · any art store
$8–12
Ruler
12 inch, metal edge preferred · any
$3–5
Compass
For amphora curvature + mosaic grid · any
$4–6
Black fine-tip pen
Micron 03 or 05 (line work, labels, borders) · any art store
$3–5
Mod Podge
8 oz matte finish · Michaels / Amazon
$6–8
Sponge brushes
1-inch pack of 10 · Michaels / Amazon
$3–4

Consumables + specials

Per week

Week 1 · cylinder seal
Sculpey (1 lb, terracotta or white); basic carving/linocut tools; ink pad (black)
$15–20
Week 2 · ziggurat drawing
Uses core toolkit only
$0
Week 3 · Narmer Palette
Acrylic or gouache paint set; fine brushes; gold metallic marker; flat panel (illustration board or foam board)
$15–25
Week 4 · kouros figure study
Uses core toolkit + 18×24 pad
$0
Week 5 · Greek pottery
Red + black quality colored pencils (Prismacolor/Faber-Castell); brown-toned paper pad (optional)
$10–15
Week 6 · Parthenon + anachronism
Light blue or grey paper (optional, for sky contrast)
$3–5
Week 7 · Roman mosaic
Colored paper packs (construction paper or cardstock: blue, green, yellow, brown, red, cream); flat base (wood panel or foam board)
$10–15
Week 8 · portfolio assembly
Portfolio folder or 3-ring binder with page protectors; cardboard backings for flat mount
$10–15

Weekly consumables subtotal: ~$63–95. One big buy of toolkit + consumables: ~$130–200. Or stage it: toolkit now, each week’s consumables the week before. Scavenge first — check what you already own.

Reference images

Print at home or at a copy shop.

  • Week 1 — Cylinder seal examples (British Museum)
  • Week 2 — Ziggurat reference photos
  • Week 3 — Narmer Palette (full, high-res)
  • Week 4 — Kouros statue reference (Met or Acropolis Museum)
  • Week 5 — Greek amphora shapes + black-figure / red-figure examples
  • Week 6 — Parthenon exterior (west pediment preferred)
  • Week 7 — Roman mosaic floor examples (Pompeii or Herculaneum)
  • Week 8 — none

Weeks

Each card is one studio week. The numbers at the top jump you here.

Week 1 · Sept 1–7

Personal cylinder seal

Clay or Sculpey. Design your symbol system. Research: cuneiform, who had seals, Hammurabi preamble.

Writing: your seal + a 50-word wall label.

Supplies: Sculpey 1 lb, carving tools, black ink pad.

Print: cylinder seal examples (British Museum).

Read: Bauer Ch. 1 pp. 10–16 + Ch. 22 pp. 170–177; Strickland ch. 1. Skim for the idea. Check pagination against your copy (editions differ).

“When Anu the Sublime, King of the Anunaki, and Bel, the lord of Heaven and earth, who decreed the fate of the land, assigned to Marduk... the Enlil-ship over the whole world... then Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, to destroy the wicked and the evil-doers; so that the strong should not harm the weak... to enlighten the land and to further the well-being of mankind.”

Hammurabi’s Code, preamble · L.W. King, 1915 · public domain

Wall label. Hammurabi says his laws exist “so that the strong should not harm the weak.” Your seal is a personal mark. What does the symbol system say you stand for?

Week 2 · Sept 8–14

Architecture & Power in Mesopotamia

Art: ziggurat in forced perspective. Technical drawing. Lighter load than Week 1: studio research for a drawing, not a finished gallery piece.

Writing: sketchbook margin notes beside the drawing. Informal. No wall label this week.

Supplies: core toolkit only. Print ziggurat reference photos before you start.

How to draw:

Print ziggurat refs still help (Ur / Babylon).

Advanced (two-point perspective): City street in two-point perspective. Buildings, not a ziggurat. You can still apply the same vanishing-point ideas to the stepped tower.

Watch:

Read (same two books as Week 1; skim for the ideas below):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer), Ch. 2 “The Rise of Aristocracy,” pp. 17–29. Why cities centered on temple complexes; how geography (flat floodplain, no natural defenses, silt and mudbrick as the local building material) shaped ziggurat construction; the ziggurat as the seat of theocratic power (the king as the gods’ steward). Check pagination against your copy.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland), Ch. 1. Monumental architecture as a symbol system: Week 1’s personal seal, scaled up to a civic mark.

Primary source: Herodotus on the Ziggurat of Babylon (Histories Book 1, §181–183). Fifth-century BC Greek historian; the most famous ancient description of a ziggurat (the temple complex of Bel). Summary: a stepped tower in eight tiers, each set back from the one below; a spiral ramp around the outside; a shrine at the top with a golden couch and table, tended by priests, where a god was said to visit.

Read the wording here (public domain):

The drawing point: a ziggurat is an argument in stone that the gods and the state are the same thing, visible from every point in the city.

Margin prompt. What would someone at the base see and feel, looking up? Herodotus was struck by the height and the ascent. Let that shape your perspective choices.

Week 3 · Sept 15–21

Unification & the God-King

Art: Egyptian palette re-imagined. Copy the Narmer Palette’s composition, or invent a personal myth in the same visual language (registers, scale hierarchy, crowns, smiting pose). Heavier studio load than Week 2: paint on board, gold accents, finished piece.

Writing: the palette plus a 75-word artist note. Wall-label voice.

Supplies: acrylic or gouache paint set; fine brushes; gold metallic marker; flat panel (illustration board or foam board). Core toolkit for sketching first.

Print: Narmer Palette, full and high-res, both faces if you can find them.

How to:

Read (skim for the ideas below):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer): excerpts on Egyptian unification and the pharaoh as god-king. Chapters not pinned yet; check your copy for Egypt / Narmer / early dynastic material.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland), Ch. 1–2. Egyptian pictorial rules: scale equals rank; the body as eternal type.

Primary source: Book of the Dead creation excerpt (Atum / Tem / Ra). Summary: the creator rises from the primeval waters of Nu as the Only One, names himself into being, and rules what he has made. Pharaoh’s authority sits inside that cosmic story.

Read the wording here (public domain):

Museum ref: Egyptian Museum Cairo · Narmer Palette (original); British Museum holds casts.

The studio point: a palette is an argument that kingship and creation share one visual grammar.

Artist note. Narmer’s smiting scene puts the king at god-scale. What does your palette claim about power, and who gets drawn smaller?

Week 4 · Sept 22–28

Canon of Proportions: Kouros

Art: Greek kouros figure study on 18×24. Work from a printed statue. Measure a grid or head-count canon before you commit to contour. Load is medium: one careful figure, not a painted board.

Writing: the figure plus a short caption (what changed when the body stopped being pure Egyptian type?).

Supplies: core toolkit plus the 18×24 pad. Ruler for the grid.

Print: kouros statue reference (Met New York Kouros, or an Acropolis Museum kouros).

How to:

Read (skim for the ideas below):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer): excerpts on early Greece and the body ideal. Chapters not pinned yet; check your copy.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland), Ch. 1–2. Egyptian idealism beside the first Greek steps toward naturalism.

Primary source: Herodotus, Histories Book 2, §91. Summary: Egyptians generally refuse Greek customs, yet at Khemmis they celebrate athletic contests “of every form” in Greek fashion, with prizes, around an image of Perseus. The passage is about Greek athletic culture crossing into Egypt, not a sculptor’s treatise. Use it for the athletic body the kouros assumes.

Read the wording here (public domain):

Museum ref: Met · Marble kouros (32.11.1).

The studio point: a kouros is a measured argument that the human body can be both rule and living weight.

Caption. Mark one place where your grid fought the statue’s real contour. What did you keep from Egypt, and what did you let Greece change?

Week 5 · Sept 29 – Oct 5

Myth on Clay: Black-Figure & Red-Figure

Art: personal mythology on Greek pottery. Draw an amphora (or another vessel shape) in black-figure or red-figure logic: silhouette vs reserved figure, banded registers, one clear myth moment. Process sketches count; finish one pot face.

Writing: process sketches plus a pot label (what scene, which side, why that technique).

Supplies: red and black quality colored pencils (Prismacolor or Faber-Castell); optional brown-toned paper; compass for amphora curves; Micron for fine incision-like lines.

Print: amphora shapes plus black-figure and red-figure examples.

How to:

Read (skim for the ideas below):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer): excerpts on Greek myth structure and early Greece. Chapters not pinned yet; check your copy.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland): still Ch. 1–2 / Greek sections in your copy (Ch. 3–4 are listed later under Unit 2).
  • Companion: The Odyssey, Book 9 (Cyclops). One touchstone; dinner talk after.
  • Optional: Gilgamesh, selected tablets (Weeks 5–6).

Primary source: Homer, Odyssey Book 9. Summary: Odysseus lands among the Cyclopes, blinds Polyphemus with craft and wine, escapes under the rams, then names himself and draws Poseidon’s curse. A perfect pot scene: cave, stake, “Noman,” the naming.

Read the wording here (public domain):

The studio point: black-figure and red-figure are two ways of arguing which part of the story is solid ground and which is empty space.

Pot label. Name the moment you chose (blinding, escape, naming, the curse). Why does that moment need a silhouette, or a reserved body against black?

Week 6 · Oct 6–12

Democracy on the Steps

Art: Parthenon plus deliberate anachronism. Draw the west pediment / exterior from a print, then place a modern figure on the steps (phone, backpack, skateboard, whatever belongs to you). The clash is the point.

Writing: the drawing plus 100-word wall text.

Supplies: core toolkit; optional light blue or grey paper for sky contrast.

Print: Parthenon exterior, west pediment preferred.

How to:

Read (skim for the ideas below):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer): excerpts on Classical Athens and democracy. Chapters not pinned yet; check your copy.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland): still Ch. 1–2 / Greek-Roman sections in your copy.
  • Optional companion still open: Gilgamesh tablets if you started them in Week 5.

Primary source: Pericles’ Funeral Oration (Thucydides, Peloponnesian War Book 2.34–46). Summary: after the first war dead, Pericles praises Athens as a pattern, a democracy that favors the many, a city whose power leaves monuments, and asks the living to love the city by looking at it daily.

Read the wording here (public domain):

Museum / architecture ref: British Museum Parthenon galleries (sculptures) plus any clear west-elevation photo for the steps.

The studio point: the Parthenon is a civic argument in marble; your anachronism tests whether that argument still holds when a living body climbs the stairs.

Wall text. Pericles says to feed your eyes on the city until love of her fills your heart. What does your modern figure see from the steps, and what does the building demand in return?

Week 7 · Oct 13–19

Domestic Myth: Roman Mosaic

Art: Roman mosaic floor plan. Family mythology or an Odyssey scene, built from paper tesserae on a flat base. Think floor, not wall painting: border, central emblem, limited palette.

Writing: the mosaic plus a 75-word label.

Supplies: colored paper packs (construction paper or cardstock: blue, green, yellow, brown, red, cream); flat base (wood panel or foam board); Mod Podge and sponge brushes from the core toolkit; compass for round emblems.

Print: Roman mosaic floor examples from Pompeii or Herculaneum.

How to:

Read (skim for the ideas below):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer): excerpts on Roman domestic life and patronage. Chapters not pinned yet; check your copy.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland): still Ch. 1–2 / Greek-Roman sections in your copy.

Primary source: Plutarch, Life of Romulus chapter 13. Summary: Romulus divides the people into patrons and clients; patrons advise and speak in court; clients honor and aid their patrons; neither may testify against the other. The household and the city run on that bond.

Read the wording here (public domain):

The studio point: a mosaic floor is patronage underfoot. Guests walk your family’s story.

Label. Who is the patron in your scene, and who is the client? Or, if you chose an Odyssey panel, whose house is this floor protecting?

Week 8 · Oct 20–26

Portfolio: Six Civilizations, One Statement

Art: curated portfolio. Six finished pieces with historical labels. Mount flat work on cardboard backings; sleeve fragile pieces. Sequence the room as a walk from seal to mosaic (or your own order, if you can defend it).

Writing: one-page artist statement. The unit’s only sustained prose. How did each civilization shape your choices of material, scale, and story?

Supplies: portfolio folder or 3-ring binder with page protectors; cardboard backings for flat mount. No new print refs this week.

Read (review, do not sprint):

  • The History of the Ancient World (Bauer): revisit the excerpts you actually used Weeks 1–7. Chapters for Weeks 3–8 remain unpinned; stay honest to what you read.
  • The Annotated Mona Lisa (Strickland): still Ch. 1–2 / ancient sections you marked.
  • Optional end companion: Oedipus Rex (Sophocles). Fate, knowing, and the cost of seeing. Dinner discussion, not a full literature pace.

Companion link (optional, public domain):

No long primary source required this week. Your six labels plus the statement are the text.

The studio point: curation is an argument about which ancient visual habits you kept, and which you refused.

Artist statement seed. Name one choice (material, scale, myth, anachronism) that Egypt forced, one that Greece forced, and one that Rome forced. Then say what you did with the pressure.